Abstract

According to Hegel, labor is the most important means of providing a sense of ownership to humans. In this respect, labor is a part of human nature and provides its most important ontological status. According to Marx, in a capitalist system humans are not treated as human beings because they are reduced to machines in a factory system except when they no longer labor. In labor, humans fall into parts of machines, and humans are left out. In other words, people can become human only when they deviate from the production process in the capitalist system. In contrast to Marx's prediction, in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, humans have an opportunity to express creativity through labor. Unlike Hegel's view, in the Fourth Industrial Revolution there is a problem as the number of people who can participate in labor is extremely limited. In a society where the Fourth Industrial Revolution becomes a reality, the majority of people will experience a loss of labor opportunities, which are alienated from labor itself. It is highly likely that leisure, not labor, will become the essence of human labor. It is worth noting Huizinga’s claim in his book Homo Ludens (1938); His argument for the importance of "play" is emerging during the Fourth Industrial Revolution, an era of the paradigm shift from "labor" to "leisure.”

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Keyword: ​Hegel, Marx, Hoizinger, Fourth Industrial Revolution, Labor, Human Alienation, Leisure Rights.